Bihar Election 2025

1. 2020 Bihar Assembly Elections – Key Facts

• Seats: 243 total; majority mark = 122
• Voter Turnout: 57.29% :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}
• Close Contests: ~20% seats decided by < 2.5% vote margin :contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2}

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2. Party & Alliance Performance – 2020

NDA (Alliance) – 125 seats

• BJP: 74 seats (19.46% vote share) :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}
• JD(U): 43 seats (15.39% vote share) :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}
• VIP & HAM(S): 4 seats each

Mahagathbandhan (Opposition alliance) – 110 seats

• RJD: 75 seats (23.11%) – single largest party :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}
• INC: 19 seats (9.48%) :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}
• CPI(ML)L: 12 seats (3.16%) :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7}
• CPI & CPI(M): 2 each

Others

• AIMIM: 5 seats (1.24%) :contentReference[oaicite:8]{index=8}
• BSP: 1 seat (1.49%) :contentReference[oaicite:9]{index=9}

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3. Election Outcome & Composition

• Result: NDA retained power with 125 seats; RJD-led bloc won 110 :contentReference[oaicite:10]{index=10}
• Leadership:
  • Nitish Kumar (JD(U)) became CM
  • Tejashwi Yadav (RJD) became Opposition Leader :contentReference[oaicite:11]{index=11}

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4. Post-Election Developments

• By-elections & realignments (2022):

  • JD(U) increased strength from 43 to 45
  • NDA reduced to 82 seats; MGB alliance reached 160 seats :contentReference[oaicite:12]{index=12}

• By 2024: Post-crisis, NDA strengthened to 132 seats; MGB remained at 110 :contentReference[oaicite:13]{index=13}

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5. Electoral Governance Reform

• 1995: TN Seshan curbed booth capturing
• 2005: KJ Rao enforced Model Code
• 2025: CEC Gyanesh Kumar leads Special Intensive Revision of voter rolls to eliminate bogus entries :contentReference[oaicite:14]{index=14}

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6. Emerging Trends for 2025

• AIMIM seeking to form third front with IIP, BSP, possibly INDIA bloc :contentReference[oaicite:15]{index=15}
• Congress strategy meeting held June 2025 ahead of seat-sharing discussions :contentReference[oaicite:16]{index=16}

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PYQs + Expected MCQs

📝 PYQ (BPSC): Which party was single largest in 2020 Bihar elections? → RJD
📝 PYQ: What voter turnout was recorded in 2020 Bihar polls? → 57.29%
📝 Expected MCQ: Which NDA party won 74 seats in 2020? → BJP
📝 Expected MCQ: Close contests (< 2.5%) were in what percent of 2020 seats? → 20%
📝 Expected MCQ: Who led the Special Intensive Revision in 2025? → CEC Gyanesh Kumar

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Quick Revision Points

• Total seats: 243; majority: 122
• 2020 turnout ~57%; ~20% seats had narrow margins
• NDA – 125 seats; Mahagathbandhan – 110 seats
• BJP 74, JD(U) 43, RJD 75
• Post-2022 realignment: NDA 132, MGB 110
• Electoral reforms: Seshan (1995), Rao (2005), Kumar (2025)

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Sources Used

• Election Commission of India – Statistical Data
• The Hindu – Bihar 2020 election analysis
• StatistictsTimes & Wikipedia – Party vote shares and seat counts
• Times of India – EC reforms coverage
• India Today, IndiaTV – 2020 result summaries
• Times of India – Bihar 2025 alliance developments