Fundamental Duties

Fundamental Duties are listed in Part IVA (Article 51A) of the Indian Constitution.

They were added by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, following the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee.
These duties act as a constant reminder to citizens that while enjoying rights, they also have obligations towards the nation.

📝 PYQ (BPSC 67th): Fundamental Duties were added through which amendment? → 42nd Amendment Act, 1976

Constitutional Provisions

Article 51A: Lists 11 Fundamental Duties for every citizen of India.
Originally 10 duties were added; the 11th duty was added by the 86th Amendment Act, 2002.

Abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem
Cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired the national struggle for freedom
Uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India
Defend the country and render national service when called upon
Promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood
Value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture
Protect and improve the natural environment (forests, lakes, rivers, wildlife)
Develop scientific temper, humanism and spirit of inquiry and reform
Safeguard public property and abjure violence
Strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity
(Added in 2002) – Provide opportunities for education to children aged 6 to 14 years

📝 PYQ (BPSC 64th): Which Fundamental Duty was added by the 86th Amendment? → Provide education to children aged 6–14

Supreme Court in Ranganath Mishra Case (2003): Duties can be enforced by legislation
Mohini Jain & Unnikrishnan Cases: Linked education as a right and a duty