Vitamins

1. Which of the following vitamins is essential for blood clotting? (BPSC 65th Prelims)
   a) Vitamin A
   b) Vitamin C
   c) Vitamin K
   d) Vitamin D
   Answer: c
   Explanation: Vitamin K plays a critical role in the clotting of blood.

2. Vitamin C is also known as: (BPSC 64th Prelims)
   a) Thiamine
   b) Ascorbic acid
   c) Niacin
   d) Folic acid
   Answer: b
   Explanation: Ascorbic acid is the chemical name of Vitamin C.

3. Deficiency of Vitamin D causes: (BPSC 60–62nd Prelims)
   a) Pellagra
   b) Rickets
   c) Scurvy
   d) Beriberi
   Answer: b
   Explanation: Vitamin D deficiency leads to rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults.

4. Which vitamin is produced in the human body by sunlight? (BPSC 63rd Prelims)
   a) Vitamin A
   b) Vitamin B12
   c) Vitamin D
   d) Vitamin C
   Answer: c
   Explanation: Sunlight helps in the synthesis of Vitamin D in the skin.

5. Pellagra is caused by the deficiency of: (UPPSC 2017)
   a) Vitamin B1
   b) Vitamin B3
   c) Vitamin B12
   d) Vitamin C
   Answer: b
   Explanation: Pellagra is caused by a deficiency of niacin (Vitamin B3).

6. Beriberi is caused by the deficiency of: (BPSC 66th Prelims)
   a) Vitamin B1
   b) Vitamin B2
   c) Vitamin B6
   d) Vitamin B12
   Answer: a
   Explanation: Vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency results in beriberi.

7. Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin? (BPSC 67th Prelims)
   a) Vitamin B
   b) Vitamin C
   c) Vitamin D
   d) Vitamin H
   Answer: c
   Explanation: Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble.

8. Scurvy is caused by deficiency of: (BPSC 64th Prelims)
   a) Vitamin A
   b) Vitamin C
   c) Vitamin D
   d) Vitamin E
   Answer: b
   Explanation: Scurvy results from Vitamin C deficiency.

9. Which vitamin is essential for healthy vision? (BPSC 66th Prelims)
   a) Vitamin A
   b) Vitamin C
   c) Vitamin D
   d) Vitamin K
   Answer: a
   Explanation: Vitamin A is vital for vision and prevents night blindness.

10. Night blindness is caused due to deficiency of: (BPSC 68th Prelims)
    a) Vitamin C
    b) Vitamin A
    c) Vitamin D
    d) Vitamin E
    Answer: b
    Explanation: Vitamin A deficiency leads to night blindness due to poor vision in low light.

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NCERT-Based Questions (Q11–30)

1. Which vitamin is also known as retinol?
   a) Vitamin B1
   b) Vitamin A
   c) Vitamin D
   d) Vitamin K
   Answer: b
   Explanation: Retinol is the chemical name for Vitamin A.

2. Vitamin B12 is important for:
   a) Bone development
   b) Vision
   c) Blood formation
   d) Skin health
   Answer: c
   Explanation: Vitamin B12 is essential for the formation of red blood cells.

3. Which vitamin helps in the absorption of calcium?
   a) Vitamin C
   b) Vitamin D
   c) Vitamin K
   d) Vitamin B2
   Answer: b
   Explanation: Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption in the intestine.

4. Which of the following vitamins is water-soluble?
   a) Vitamin A
   b) Vitamin D
   c) Vitamin B12
   d) Vitamin E
   Answer: c
   Explanation: All B-complex vitamins and Vitamin C are water-soluble.

5. Deficiency of which vitamin causes bleeding gums?
   a) Vitamin A
   b) Vitamin C
   c) Vitamin D
   d) Vitamin E
   Answer: b
   Explanation: Vitamin C deficiency leads to scurvy, characterized by bleeding gums.

6. Which vitamin helps in wound healing and maintaining skin health?
   a) Vitamin A
   b) Vitamin D
   c) Vitamin C
   d) Vitamin B1
   Answer: c
   Explanation: Vitamin C helps in collagen synthesis for wound healing.

7. Which vitamin is important for maintaining healthy skin and hair?
   a) Vitamin A
   b) Vitamin E
   c) Vitamin K
   d) Vitamin B3
   Answer: b
   Explanation: Vitamin E has antioxidant properties beneficial for skin and hair.

8. Which vitamin is destroyed by heat?
   a) Vitamin A
   b) Vitamin B1
   c) Vitamin D
   d) Vitamin K
   Answer: b
   Explanation: Vitamin B1 (thiamine) is heat-sensitive and gets destroyed during cooking.

9. Vitamin B2 is also called:
   a) Niacin
   b) Riboflavin
   c) Thiamine
   d) Pyridoxine
   Answer: b
   Explanation: Riboflavin is another name for Vitamin B2.

10. Which vitamin prevents neural tube defects in newborns?
    a) Vitamin C
    b) Vitamin K
    c) Folic acid
    d) Vitamin E
    Answer: c
    Explanation: Folic acid (Vitamin B9) is essential during pregnancy to prevent neural defects.

11. Which vitamin is involved in the clotting of blood?
    a) Vitamin A
    b) Vitamin K
    c) Vitamin B
    d) Vitamin E
    Answer: b
    Explanation: Vitamin K aids in the synthesis of proteins required for blood clotting.

12. The richest source of Vitamin A is:
    a) Carrot
    b) Milk
    c) Banana
    d) Rice
    Answer: a
    Explanation: Carrots are rich in beta-carotene, a precursor of Vitamin A.

13. Deficiency of which vitamin leads to anemia?
    a) Vitamin A
    b) Vitamin B12
    c) Vitamin C
    d) Vitamin D
    Answer: b
    Explanation: Vitamin B12 deficiency leads to megaloblastic anemia.

14. Which vitamin prevents the oxidation of body cells?
    a) Vitamin D
    b) Vitamin E
    c) Vitamin C
    d) Vitamin K
    Answer: b
    Explanation: Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant and prevents oxidative damage.

15. Which vitamin is essential during pregnancy?
    a) Vitamin A
    b) Vitamin K
    c) Vitamin B9
    d) Vitamin B1
    Answer: c
    Explanation: Folic acid is vital for fetal brain and spinal cord development.

16. Which vitamin deficiency causes mouth ulcers?
    a) Vitamin B2
    b) Vitamin D
    c) Vitamin A
    d) Vitamin K
    Answer: a
    Explanation: Riboflavin deficiency causes angular stomatitis and mouth ulcers.

17. Which vitamin is known as the "sunshine vitamin"?
    a) Vitamin A
    b) Vitamin B6
    c) Vitamin D
    d) Vitamin E
    Answer: c
    Explanation: Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin in presence of sunlight.

18. Water-soluble vitamins are excreted through:
    a) Skin
    b) Feces
    c) Urine
    d) Lungs
    Answer: c
    Explanation: Water-soluble vitamins are not stored and excreted via urine.

19. Vitamin H is another name for:
    a) Thiamine
    b) Biotin
    c) Niacin
    d) Folate
    Answer: b
    Explanation: Vitamin H is also known as biotin, important for metabolism.

20. Which vitamin helps in the metabolism of carbohydrates?
    a) Vitamin B1
    b) Vitamin D
    c) Vitamin K
    d) Vitamin A
    Answer: a
    Explanation: Thiamine (B1) plays a role in carbohydrate metabolism.

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Predicted/Reference Book-Based Questions (Q31–50)

1. Which vitamin is essential for preventing xerophthalmia?
   a) Vitamin D
   b) Vitamin A
   c) Vitamin C
   d) Vitamin E
   Answer: b
   Explanation: Vitamin A deficiency leads to xerophthalmia (dry eyes).

2. Vitamin D is a derivative of:
   a) Carbohydrates
   b) Cholesterol
   c) Protein
   d) Nucleic acid
   Answer: b
   Explanation: Vitamin D is synthesized from cholesterol in the skin.

3. Which vitamin deficiency causes rickets in children?
   a) Vitamin C
   b) Vitamin B1
   c) Vitamin D
   d) Vitamin E
   Answer: c
   Explanation: Vitamin D deficiency causes softening of bones (rickets) in children.

4. The richest source of Vitamin C is:
   a) Orange
   b) Apple
   c) Mango
   d) Grapes
   Answer: a
   Explanation: Citrus fruits like orange are rich in Vitamin C.

5. Vitamin E is chemically known as:
   a) Tocopherol
   b) Retinol
   c) Ascorbic acid
   d) Calciferol
   Answer: a
   Explanation: Tocopherol is the chemical name of Vitamin E.

6. Which vitamin helps in protein synthesis and RBC formation?
   a) Vitamin B6
   b) Vitamin D
   c) Vitamin E
   d) Vitamin A
   Answer: a
   Explanation: Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) aids in amino acid metabolism and hemoglobin synthesis.

7. Deficiency of Vitamin K causes:
   a) Muscle cramps
   b) Hair loss
   c) Hemorrhage
   d) Poor vision
   Answer: c
   Explanation: Vitamin K deficiency impairs blood clotting, leading to hemorrhage.

8. Which vitamin is heat-stable?
   a) Vitamin B1
   b) Vitamin B2
   c) Vitamin A
   d) Vitamin D
   Answer: d
   Explanation: Vitamin D is stable and not destroyed by cooking.

9. Vitamin B3 is also known as:
   a) Niacin
   b) Riboflavin
   c) Biotin
   d) Folic acid
   Answer: a
   Explanation: Vitamin B3 is chemically referred to as niacin.

10. Which vitamin aids in iron absorption?
    a) Vitamin A
    b) Vitamin C
    c) Vitamin K
    d) Vitamin D
    Answer: b
    Explanation: Vitamin C enhances the absorption of iron from plant sources.

11. Vitamin A deficiency affects:
    a) Teeth
    b) Bone
    c) Vision
    d) Blood clotting
    Answer: c
    Explanation: It primarily affects vision and causes night blindness.

12. Which vitamin is important for nerve function?
    a) Vitamin D
    b) Vitamin B12
    c) Vitamin K
    d) Vitamin E
    Answer: b
    Explanation: Vitamin B12 is essential for maintaining healthy nerves.

13. Which vitamin can be stored in the liver?
    a) Vitamin B1
    b) Vitamin C
    c) Vitamin A
    d) Vitamin H
    Answer: c
    Explanation: Vitamin A is stored in the liver for long-term use.

14. Which vitamin is found in green leafy vegetables?
    a) Vitamin K
    b) Vitamin D
    c) Vitamin B12
    d) Vitamin C
    Answer: a
    Explanation: Green leafy vegetables are rich sources of Vitamin K.

15. Vitamin B5 is also called:
    a) Niacin
    b) Pantothenic acid
    c) Biotin
    d) Thiamine
    Answer: b
    Explanation: Pantothenic acid is the chemical name for Vitamin B5.

16. Which vitamin helps in energy production?
    a) Vitamin A
    b) Vitamin B-complex
    c) Vitamin D
    d) Vitamin K
    Answer: b
    Explanation: B-complex vitamins are involved in metabolic pathways producing energy.

17. Which vitamin helps maintain epithelial tissues?
    a) Vitamin A
    b) Vitamin B2
    c) Vitamin C
    d) Vitamin D
    Answer: a
    Explanation: Vitamin A is important for skin and mucous membrane health.

18. Lack of which vitamin causes fatigue and anemia?
    a) Vitamin K
    b) Vitamin B12
    c) Vitamin D
    d) Vitamin E
    Answer: b
    Explanation: Vitamin B12 deficiency causes fatigue, weakness, and anemia.

19. Which vitamin is synthesized in the human intestine?
    a) Vitamin D
    b) Vitamin A
    c) Vitamin K
    d) Vitamin C
    Answer: c
    Explanation: Intestinal bacteria synthesize Vitamin K.

20. What is the main role of Vitamin E?
    a) Blood clotting
    b) Bone growth
    c) Antioxidant
    d) Energy metabolism
    Answer: c
    Explanation: Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from damage.