Polity & Governance

NITI Aayog

Established: 1 Jan 2015, replacing the Planning Commission. Govt’s policy think tank; promotes cooperative federalism.
Chairperson – Prime Minister
Vice Chairperson – Appointed by PM: Suman Berry
Ex-Officio Members – Up to 4 Union Ministers nominated by PM
Governing Council – PM, CMs, & Lt Governors of UTs
CEO – Appointed by PM, rank of Secretary to GoI: B. V. R. Subrahmanyam

Expenditure on Higher Education
- Education Spending (% of total state budget): Highest: J&K; Lowest: Delhi
- Higher Education Spending (GSDP): Highest: Bihar
- University Density: National average 0.8; Highest: Sikkim; Lowest: Bihar (0.2)
Fiscal Health Index 2025 – Odisha tops, Bihar 13th (Performer category)
SDG India Index 2023-24 – Top: Uttarakhand & Kerala; Bottom: Bihar – 57 score
North Eastern Region SDG Index – Highest: Hnahthial, Mizoram; Lowest: Longding, Arunachal Pradesh
India Electric Mobility Index (IEMI) – ‘Unlocking a 200 Billion Dollar Opportunity’
- Top Performer: Delhi, Maharashtra, Chandigarh
- India’s EV share is over 2/5th of global level
- Target: 30% EV penetration by 2030 (Needs 22% rise in next 5 years)
Automotive Industry Report
- Title: “Powering India’s Participation in Global Value Chains”
- Contribution: 7.1% to GDP & 49% to manufacturing GDP
- 4th-largest automobile producer (After China, USA, & Japan)
- Target: Triple export to $60 billion by 2030

Rajya Sabha Nominations (Article 80):
(Harsh Vardhan Shringla), (Ujjwal Nikam), (Meenakshi Jain), (C. Sadanandan Master).
VP Election 2025 – 9 Sep; Observers- Sushil Lohani & D. Anandan; NDA: CP Radhakrishnan; INDIA Bloc: B. Sudershan Reddy; By ECI under Article 324; PR STV; All MPs of LS & RS vote (Not MLAs)
VP Jagdeep Dhankhar resigned mid-term – 3rd after VV Giri & Venkatraman.
President’s Rule – Manipur, extended 6 months.
UPSC @100 – 1 Oct 2025–1 Oct 2026. Established under GoI Act 1919; Lee Commission

Mahila Aarogyam Kaksh: Women’s health facility (New Delhi). Mo Law.
Manthan Baithak: Chaired by Amit Shah, Delhi, Cooperatives.
NSCSTI 2.0: New civil service training framework; Jitendra Singh.
NIPCCD renamed as Savitribai Phule NIWCD by MWCD; new centre (Ranchi).
1st ULBs Conference (Manesar – Haryana): Role in Democracy & Nation Building; Om Birla inaugurated.
UP Assembly: 1st AI training for MLAs; led by IIT Kanpur.
Ayush Nivesh Saarthi Portal: MoA & Invest India platform to attract FDI/private investment in AYUSH sector, promote India as global wellness hub.
UMEED Portal: Launched to digitize, streamline Waqf property registration under Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025.
NAVYA Scheme: By Women & Child Development, Skill Development ministries. Vocational training for girls (16–18 years, Class 10 pass) in non-traditional jobs.
Kartavya Bhavan-03 – by PM under Central Vista project.

2 New SC Judges – Alok Aradhe, Vipul Manubhai Pancholi (CJI BR Gawai administered oath); SC full strength now 34 including CJI. P.B. Bajanthari as acting Chief Justice of Patna HC by President (Article 223)

National e-Vidhan Application (NeVA):
Puducherry became 19th legislature paperless (June 2025). Bihar Legislative Council first house (2021), Nagaland Assembly first state assembly (2022) completely paperless.
Delhi Assembly – 1st fully solar-powered + adopted NeVA.

Punjab Bill: Criminalises sacrilege of holy texts.
Banakacherla Project: Proposed irrigation project, Andhra Pradesh, to divert surplus Godavari water via Krishna system for drought-hit Rayalaseema. Telangana objected citing violation of AP Reorganisation Act, 2014.

ECINET Platform: Used in bye-elections (Kerala, Gujarat, Punjab, WB); unified digital platform by ECI integrating 40+ apps ensuring real-time turnout, transparency, accessibility.

Online Gaming Bill 2025 – ban on money games.
OCI Rules Amended – cancellation for convictions 2+ yrs or chargesheet for 7+ years anywhere in the world.

New Governors:
- (Ashim Kumar Ghosh – Haryana)
- (Ashok Gajapathi Raju – Goa)
- (Kavinder Gupta – Ladakh)
Ajay Bhalla – additional charge, Nagaland Governor after demise of Governor La Ganeshan.